Tooth loss leads, depending on the number and location of missing teeth, to a certain degree of loss of function. This loss of function might lead to an impairment of oral health-related quality of life. The literature provides fairly strong evidence that tooth loss is associated with impaired oral healthrelated quality of life. The locations where teeth are missing and the distribution in the tooth arch of the teeth that still remain have an effect on the degree to which oral health-related quality of life is impaired. These findings are independent of the context and the measurement instrument used. With respect to tooth replacement no direct evidence exists concerning which type of replacement for which cases of tooth reduction have the largest positive effect. Research in this area is still in its infancy.