A 38-year-old man developed dysphagia, fever and marked trismus, resulting in an abcess of the parafaryngeal region, soon after the surgical extraction of 2 mandibular molars. Despite systemic antibiotics and surgical drainage, the abcess spread to the mediastinum. Within a short space of time, cervical fasciitis necroticans and descending necrotizing mediastinitis developed. Because of the life-threatening health condition, the patient was admitted to a hospital for further treatment. He underwent surgical exploration of the cervical and sternal region, thoracotomy for mediastinal drainage, debridement, and daily mediastinal rinsing with hydrogen peroxide and betadine iodine. After 5 weeks intensive treatment, the patient could be discharged from the hospital in a fairly good condition of health.